With the Duodenal Switch, villi also grow more dense, but the configuration creates significantly more malabsorption that cannot be overcome by villi regrowth.

I have had the DS for a little over 4 years, and lost 245 pounds of excess weight in the first year, with only a six pound bounceback.

That said, because of the malabsorption, vitamin and mineral daily megadoses (far more than what an unaltered person would consume) are essential to maintaining health.

However, the weight loss is *permanent*, and increased consumption of protein and complex carbohydrates (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) is necessary, along with the supplement regimen.

The DS is not for everyone, but if you are disciplined, and understand the anatomy and physiology of how this surgery works, it could be the answer for you.

Only 75 surgeons worldwide perform this procedure, but for me and many others, it has meant freedom from severe morbid obesity, and what I call “fearful eating”, i.e., calorie-restricted dieting.